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Used as traditional medicine by Aboriginal populations, tea tree oil is an essential oil that is obtained by steaming leaves from the Australian tea tree. It is commonly used in soaps, lotions, and lip balms, and its strong antibacterial and antifungal properties have led to its common use to treat everything from athlete’s foot, nail fungus, and insect bites, to getting rid of lice.
Tea tree oil is great for your skin. Firstly, it has antibacterial properties, so it can help treat conditions such as acne and eczema. It also has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antifungal properties. Tea tree oil has strong antioxidant properties, making it great for reducing damage from free radicals. It supports skin healing and skin cell turnover, making it a secondary preventative for dark spots and scarring.
While most people can use tea tree oil without problems, in some people it may cause skin irritation, rashes, itching, burning, redness, and dryness. When using it, bear in mind that it is an essential oil, and therefore must be used with a carrier such as a jojoba or almond oil or it can cause irritation to the skin in fully concentrated form.
It is not suitable for delicate or sensitive skin, as it may cause irritation. Our skin quiz will let you know if you need this ingredient, and if it’s the right choice for you.
Melasma is a specific example of hyperpigmentation. Melasma looks like whole patches of brown or darker skin across the parts of the face and neck. Melasma is common among women who are pregnant - it’s even referred to as “the mask of pregnancy.” But melasma can occur in both men and women who are not pregnant, too. Melasma can be caused by UV damage, but there are also genetic, hormonal, and medication-induced causes for melasma, too.
There are a variety of topical ingredients that can be used to lighten the skin from melasma or reduce its appearance. Each ingredient works in different ways, and each has their own benefits and drawbacks. hydroquinone, arbutin, vitamin C (ascorbic acid, and tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate, etc) are some of the most commonly used ingredients for melasma treatment.
Hydroquinone is a skin lightening cream that works by suppressing the production of melanin. There are drawbacks to using hydroquinone, however, including cancer risks demonstrated by recent scientific studies, as well as hydroquinone-induced ochronosis.
Arbutin is a synthesized derivative of hydroquinone. It acts as a powerful skin lightening ointment that works a bit differently than hydroquinone. It blocks the production of melanin instead of “bleaching” the skin.
Vitamin C can be used as a brightening agent to lighten the hyperpigmentation of your sunspots or melasma. It works by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase, preventing the formation of melatonin.
Ascorbic Acid is actually the formal scientific name for one form of Vitamin C. It can refer to either a naturally occurring Vitamin C found in foods such as citrus, or a synthetic form of ascorbic acid created to be more shelf-stable for skincare products like discoloration repair lotions and creams.
Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate is another form of Vitamin C. By synthesizing this compound from Vitamin C, dermatologists are able to give us all the benefits of Vitamin C in a more shelf-stable form that can also be soluble in oil to make more effective, deeper penetrating skin products. (Herndon 2016)
Ingredients in the vitamin A family (ie. Retinol, tretinoin, etc) and acids (glycolic acid, lactic acid, salicylic acid) help damaged pigmented skin cells shred faster, so they also help with melasma.
Tea tree oil may be effective for melasma, but there are many other factors that may affect whether this ingredient would work on your skin or if there are better ingredients that may work for you. Take this skin quiz to find the best ingredients for your skin and build your skincare routine.
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